How to Select the Right Medicare Plan

Just deciding which way to go when choosing from the combination of different types of healthcare coverage is confusing for many people eligible for Medicare. For most people, having choices is a very good thing. But what about when you have thousands of plans to choose from?

When it comes to Medicare, you have nothing but choices. Depending upon your circumstances, you may want to stay with traditional Medicare, or Medicare Parts A and B. If you choose this path, you'll probably want to get a Medicare Part D (prescription drug) plan, too, to ensure your medications are covered. Or, you might be more interested in a Medicare Advantage plan, which can combine traditional Medicare with drug coverage and other benefits. You also may be interested in even more coverage, such as that offered through a Medigap (supplemental) plan.

Fortunately, help is available. A Medicare advisor offers education on available Medicare programs, answers questions, and offers detailed plans of action to get the most out of your insurance choices. You also should know the basics beforehand.

Traditional Medicare

Medicare Parts A and B, also known as traditional or original Medicare, have been around since 1965. Medicare Part A is free to most people who've worked and paid Medicare taxes for at least 10 years and provides people with inpatient hospital coverage. Medicare Part B, which costs most people $96.40 in 2009, covers outpatient medical expenses.

People who have traditional Medicare can see any doctor they want in any facility they want without a referral, as long as that doctor or facility accepts Medicare patients. But traditional Medicare's benefits are limited.

Not only does traditional Medicare not cover most outpatient prescription drugs, if a beneficiary uses their coverage frequently enough, it can get very costly. That's why we also have Medicare Advantage and Medicare Part D plans available.

Medicare Advantage Plans

Medicare Advantage, also known as Medicare Part C, combines Medicare Parts A and B in one plan so you can get your Medicare Part A and Part B coverage in the same place. Medicare Advantage plans also often include prescription drug coverage and other benefits not commonly found under traditional Medicare, such as vision and dental services.

This program works just like private insurance - you have different types of plans to choose from depending upon what type of provider access you want (for example, health management organizations (HMO), preferred provider organizations (PPO) and more) and what health conditions or prescription drugs you take. You also can choose from a number of different levels of coverage. All Medicare Advantage plans must offer at least as much coverage as that offered under traditional Medicare. If they offer prescription drug coverage, that coverage must meet minimum Medicare Part D standards as well.

Medicare Part D

Medicare Part D is prescription drug coverage. Like Medicare Advantage, Part D is offered by private companies who are reimbursed for providing healthcare coverage. Also like Medicare Advantage, a minimum amount of coverage is required for a plan to qualify as a Part D plan and many different plans, some with different levels of coverage, are offered throughout the United States. Part D plans are best for people who use prescriptions, but don't need to see their doctors often.

Medigap Medigap, or Medicare supplemental plans, is sold by private companies to fill the "gaps" in traditional Medicare. This includes the cost of deductibles, co-payments and coinsurance. It also may cover other services that Medicare does not insure. In 2009, there are 12 Medigap plans - A through L.

Although Medigap may offer some additional coverage if an individual chooses to keep traditional Medicare, you can't buy a Medigap plan if you have Medicare Advantage. Because most Medicare Advantage plans offer better coverage and frequently more benefits than Medigap, having both is usually unnecessary. You can have both Medigap and Medicare Part D, but it may be more expensive to do this than simply purchasing a Medicare Advantage plan instead.

Comparing And Contrasting

It's no wonder that people are confused. There are thousands of plans available throughout the United States, and an average of 40 Medicare Advantage and Medicare Part D plans in any given area.

This is where a Medicare advisor can come in handy. With so many options in just one area, choosing a plan might feel like throwing darts at a board. Using a Medicare advisor can help you narrow down your choices so you know which combination of Medicare coverage will work best for you and which plans will give you the best and most affordable coverage for your needs.

Jim Allsup writes for Allsup, a provider of Social Security disability, Medicare and workers' compensation services, including Allsup Medicare Advisor, Medicare assistance services for people with disabilities and seniors.

Medicare Frequently Asked Questions

Straight talk. Answers to 3 FAQ's about Medicare and Medicare Supplement Insurance. You don't need to be a Medicare expert or devote hours reading info and researching online to understand your Medicare and Medicare Supplement options.

Q: What is the difference between Original Medicare and Medicare Advantage (MA) Plans?

A: There are several key differences between Original Medicare and Medicare Advantage Plans. Original Medicare is your government Medicare. Medicare Advantage is private Medicare that takes the place of your government Medicare. You will have similar out-of-pocket expenses with an MA plan as you would with Original Medicare alone.

It is important to understand that in general an MA plan is the same coverage as Original Medicare. You may get some extra benefits such as dental or eyeglasses, and some of the plans include drug coverage as well, but the base coverage will be the same as original Medicare.It is not the same as Medicare plus a Medigap or Supplement Plan. You can not get a supplement plan to cover your out-of-pocket expenses when you are enrolled in an MA plan.

Q: What are my potential out-of-pocket expenses with my Medicare coverage?

A: Medicare itself is great coverage but there are some gaps in the coverage that many beneficiaries fill with a Medicare Supplement policy.

Medicare Part A covers hospital room and board, short-term skilled nursing care and hospice care.

There is a deductible for Part A. Currently the deductible is $1132.00. This means that you will pay the first $1132.00 before Medicare benefits are paid. This is not an annual deductible. It is a benefit period deductible. A benefit period starts the day you are admitted to the hospital and ends 60 days after you are released. It is possible that you could encounter the Part A deductible more than once in a year. After the deductible is met Medicare covers 100% semi-private room and board for 60 days. From day 61-90 the is a daily co-insurance of $283 per day. After 90 days Medicare provides coverage for an additional 60 lifetime reserve days with you paying a daily co-pay of $566.

Skilled nursing facility following a hospital stay of at least 3 days is covered by Medicare at 100% for the first 20 days. Days 21-100 have a $141.50 co-pay per day.

Hospice is covered by Medicare with very limited co-pays.

The deductibles and co-insurances increase from year to year.

Your exposure on the A side of Medicare are your deductible, and the various co-insurances mentioned above.In addition, Medicare doesn't cover the first 3 pints of blood.

Medicare Part B covers medical expenses in or out of the hospital such as doctor visits, inpatient and outpatient medical and surgical services and supplies.Diagnostic testing, speech and physical therapy, and durable medical equipment are Part B expenses.

There is a calendar year deductible for Part B. This year the deductible is $162.00. After you have met your deductible medicare covers 80% of approved amounts for covered services.

Your exposure on the B side of Medicare includes the deductible and 20% of approved amounts for covered services and any Part B excess charges. Part B excess charges are charges for covered services that exceed Medicare approved amounts.

Q: How can I limit my exposure and cover the gaps in my Medicare coverage.

A: You can supplement your Medicare coverage with a Medigap insurance policy.

There are 10 Medicare supplement policies that are approved by Medicare. All of the supplements have the same basic benefits.

Medicare supplement basic benefits for Medicare Part A cover all of your hospital co-insurances and will extend your covered days beyond Medicare coverage for and additional 365 days. The Part A deductible and skilled nursing co-insurance coverage are optional benefits.

Your supplement will automatically adjust to the changes in Medicare deductibles and co-pays from year to year.

Under Medicare Part B, Medicare Supplement basic benefits will cover your 20% co-insurance.

You can choose a supplement plan that includes optional benefits such as Part B deductible, Part B excess, and foreign travel emergency coverage.

Seek the guidance of a broker who specializes in Medicare to help you determine which of the 10 Medicare Supplement Plans best suits your needs.

Stephanie Coutavas is an Insurance Professional specializing in Senior Insurance Solutions and Medicare Insurance. Co- founder and Senior Broker at MedicareQuote4U.com-Common Sense Insurance Solutions Group. Stephanie decided to specialize in Medicare because, "I saw the effects of the confusion and misinformation in the senior market. I really feel that with the proper,correct information, presented in an understandable way that our Seniors can position themselves for the future and achieve the peace of mind and security that they deserve at this exciting stage of life. We strive one client at a time to make sure that we address the individual and that they are better for having met us, regardless of whether they choose us as their broker."

Whether you are receiving Medicare Benefits before age 65, helping a parent or loved one or just not sure if there might be a better value for your health care $$$, we can help. Call us at 1-888-347-5552 to speak with a licensed Medicare Supplement Specialist or visit us at http://www.medicarequote4u.com. We are your Medicare Supplement experts and we are standing by to help.

Supplement For Medicare

Health care reform has sparked heavy debate regarding the appropriate supplement for Medicare. It is widely known that seniors ages 65 and above are eligible for government medical aid (Medicare) to assist in healthcare cost. Medicare covers a portion of senior's medical cost. Although government assistance is available, many seniors still lack ample funds to cover the holes in Medicare. Thus, seniors are left to decide whether to adopt a Medicare advantage plan or to simply adopt a supplement for Medicare.

Though this segment is dedicated to the appropriate supplement for Medicare it is prudent to explain differences in what Medicare advantage plans would provide as well. As stated above traditional Medicare covers certain medical needs for seniors. The government covers (by paying doctors and hospitals) certain senior medical needs based on a fee for service schedule. There are options for seniors to be covered by an advantage plan with 0 out of pocket monthly. It goes without saying that where one medical plan may be ideal for an individual; the same medical plan may fall short of covering another individual's needs. Advantage plans are plans in which the government pays insurers a specific amount monthly for every Medicare member that they enroll (the plans cover hospitals and doctors as well). Individuals covered under advantage plans are able to choose HMO plans which require advantage recipients to choose from a network of health care providers as well as PPO plans which allow for in network providers as well as out of network providers. It should be noted that individuals going outside of the network would likely have to pay additional fees. All advantage plans offer the same benefits (regardless of the insurer). However, the benefit to the Medicare Advantage plans is that they cover things such as hearing, vision and dental care whereas traditional Medicare plans do not. Medicare Advantage has become increasingly popular due to the advantages provided over and above traditional Medicare. However, that is precisely the issue that critics raise. Advantage plans are said to "pay out" more than traditional Medicare plans. The congressional budget office has estimated that over 150 billion additional dollars has been spent in the last 10 years on advantage plans (that would not have been spent with standard Medicare). Ultimately, the additional expenditures mean more money spent by taxpayers. Which is why Medicare Advantage plans have been targeted by government and health care reform.

With Medicare Advantage plans being heavily scrutinized and funding likely to be cut at least to some extent, supplements are becoming more appealing. Where advantage plans offer 0 out of pocket, a supplement for Medicare would require some payment by the senior. Where advantage plans replace traditional Medicare, a supplement for Medicare is literally that...a supplement that covers certain holes left by traditional Medicare. Therefore, Medicare is considered the primary plan and a supplement for Medicare is considered secondary to the plan. Medigap plans are also offered through private insurers at specific cost. Medicare supplement plans are also considered medigap plans as they fill the gaps left by Medicare. Gaps such as Deductibles, Coinsurance and Co-pays can be filled with an appropriate supplement for Medicare. Any doctor that accepts Medicare should accept a supplement for Medicare. Medicare participants must be enrolled in Medicare part b in order to be eligible to buy a Medigap plan. Medicare part b covers things like doctor services, outpatient care, home health services as well as some preventative services. There are several Medigap plans available and participants typically need not go through underwriting if they will attain the age of 65 within the next 6 months(and two months following their 65th birthday). Open enrollment occurs from November 15th through December 31st and this is the time that changes may be made by existing supplement users. Medigap options vary and are labeled A through L. Each plan offers different options to fill the holes left by traditional Medicare plans. Core benefits include hospital coverage for specific periods during Medicare benefit period, approved hospital cost for co-payments during specific periods, skilled nursing coinsurance, doctor deductibles, foreign travel emergency coverage, at home recovery, drug benefit as well as preventative care. Benefits vary from plan to plan and may be viewed in the Medicare handbook. You may also view supplement for Medicare options by searching Medicare resources at the Texas low cost health insurance site.

http://www.texaslowcosthealthinsurance.com, Medicare resources

Medicare and Medicare Advantage Update 2010

Q. What are the changes to Medicare in 2010?

A. Medicare is made up of three parts: Hospital Insurance (Part A), Medical Insurance (Part B), and Drug (RX) Insurance (Part D). Part A Deductible for 2010 is $1,100 for a hospital stay of 1 - 60 days, $275 per day for 61-90 days, and $550 day for 91-150 days of a hospital stay (lifetime reserve days). After 150 days, you pay all costs for the hospital. Part A also includes Skilled nursing facility and some home health care but not long term care. Skilled nursing facilities is subject to a $137.50 per day co-insurance for days 21-100. Part B covers Medicare eligible physician services, outpatient hospital services and certain home health services and durable medical equipment. You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount after you meet the $155 deductible.

Part D coverage is for both short and long-term prescription needs not given in the hospital, coverage for both brand name and generic drugs and can differ dramatically from one company to the other. Part D is not deducted from your Social Security check.

Q. Can you explain the difference between a Deductible, co-pay(ment) and out of pocket.

A. The deductible is the amount you must pay for health care before Medicare begins to pay. These amounts can change every year. A co-payment is a partial cost you will spend to see the doctor. These can be zero or more. These are out of pocket which are costs that you must pay on your own because they are not covered by Medicare.

Q. What are the differences in HMO, PPO, PFFS, SNP and MSA plans?

A. Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO)- Just like the private sector, HMO is a group of doctors, hospitals and other care providers that agree to give health care to Medicare beneficiaries for a set amount of money from Medicare every month. You get your care from the provider in the plan.

Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)- Doctors, hospitals and providers that belong to the network and with most PPO plans, you can use doctors, hospitals and providers outside the network for an additional cost.

Private Fee for Service (PFFS)- These are sometimes referred to as regional PFFS since the doctor or hospital accepts payments from the insurance plan rather than Medicare. The Insurance plan decides how much it will pay and what you pay for the services you get. You may pay more or less for Medicare covered benefits.

Special Needs Plan (SNP) - A type of plan for people with chronic illnesses or conditions with special needs.

Medical Savings Plans (MSA) - A type of savings plan for those people who do not go to the doctor often but need a savings plan to pay some of the costs of the deductibles and co-payments.

Q. My Doctor takes Blue Cross but he does not take Medicare Advantage Blue Cross. What does that mean?

A. Medicare Advantage plans are a hybrid of coverage offered from an insurance company. When you are eligible for Medicare at age 65, you select Part C--Medical Insurance offered by a company. You still pay your premiums out of your social security check for Part B but the government pays the insurance company to administrate the benefits. These Medicare Advantage Plans appear to have many benefits and include Drug coverage (Part D). Medicare Advantage plans are the best of both worlds but they have some drawbacks. If your doctor is not a Medicare Advantage plan doctor, you will pay additional costs to see him/her but with most plans you can see another doctor (usually not available with HMO plan). You will be subject to separate deductibles and separate co-payments and often need a referral for approval before you can get care from the specialist. If you do not get a referral, the plan may not pay for your care.

Q. Since Medicare Advantage provides all Medicare health care through that plan, what if I don't like it? I have heard Doctors payments will be cut and the company I sign up with may stop insuring them. What protection do I have?

A. Since Medicare is a government provided plan for those 65 and older, you have many options for coverage. Every November 15 through December 31 you can switch from one Medicare Option to another--you can enroll in any Medicare Advantage or Part D at this time. This is called the Annual Enrollment Period. (AEP) Your new coverage would begin on January 1. From January 1 to March 31 Medicare members can make ONE plan change to a like kind. For example, you can change to another MA plan. The member CANNOT change Part D coverage during this time unless they have it with the plan they are leaving. This is called Open Enrollment Period (OEP). During Special Enrollment Period (SEP), members must enroll within 63 days of a special event. This is if you move outside the service area, move into or out of a long term care facility, loose credible prescription drug coverage, return to the US from another country or get assistance from the state in which you live, loose coverage under an employer or union either voluntarily or involuntarily.

Q. What other benefits do I get with a Medicare Advantage Plan?

A. You may get extra benefits by selecting a Medicare Advantage Plan. These may include vision, hearing, dental and/or health and wellness program including membership to a specific gym. Because you do not need to buy a Medigap or Medicare Supplement policy, the premium are supplemented by the government and are less expensive than a traditional supplemental plan.

Q. I hear there are many gaps in the Part D (Drug) coverage and I take 5 prescriptions a day. How do I get most of my drugs covered?

A. Every insurance company that offers Part D coverage has a written list of drugs. These include generic and brand name drugs. (Check the web sites or ask your agent for a printed formulary drug book.) Your plan may have several tiers and your co-payment amount depends on which "TIER" your drug is listed. Not all brand names will be covered and these can be very expensive if you have a high copayment or it is not listed. Always ask your doctor whether the drugs prescribed are available as generic. Be sure to ask your doctor whether you can split a high-dose version of the prescribed drugs as

they are often the same price as low-dose version or go to http://www.medicare.gov/MPDPF/Public/Include/DataSection/Questions/MPDPFIntro.asp?version=default&browser=IE%7C7%7CWinXP&language=English&defaultstatus=0&pagelist=Home&ViewType=Public&PDPYear=2010&MAPDYear=2010&MPDPF%5FMPPF%5FIntegrate=N to compare drug plans in California.

Q. I like what I see--a policy issued by a leading insurance company that does not cost me the same as a Medigap or Medicare Supplement. Why should I buy a Medicare Supplement instead of a Medicare Advantage Policy?

A. That is a good question. If you can afford the individual premiums for a Medicare Supplement with a separate part D, you should do that. You can choose you own doctor as long as that doctor takes Medicare patients. Today many plans are a hybrid and some cost ZERO monthly premium and include a RX plans are also a PPO so people have the freedom of a PPO. As Seniors age, options and benefits become very important and we are here to help you decide which plan is best for you. Be confident in your Medicare Choices.

For the past 30 years, Karen Adams has been an independent insurance agent working primarily in Southern California. She has help hundreds of clients find the right insurance program to meet their needs. Rapidly approaching age 65, she decided to become as knowledgeable as possible about Medicare solutions. "I have written articles about Medicare Supplements and have insured clients who have reached Medicare age. Most Medicare Supplements (MS) are about the same and as long as a doctor takes Medicare he/she must accept the supplement their patient uses (not an HMO plan). Therefore, the advantage from one company over another is how easy they make their payment process, how patient orientated the company is, how large their network of Doctors and the premium they charge for the plan," says Karen. "Then came highly government regulated Medicare Advantage (MA) plans and the ball game changed. Now there is ZERO premiums with Drug coverage. What cost from $200 to $300 a month in premium in a supplement with a prescription drug card now appears to be free. What's that all about? Karen can help you untangle the web of MEDICARE insurance. Call her today or go to http://adamsinsuranceagency.com/ for your personalized quote.

9 Questions to Ask When Evaluating Your Medicare Plan

More than 45 million Americans are currently enrolled in Medicare and many of them are paying for a plan that is either too expensive or doesn't have the coverage they need. Each year, Medicare provides a window of opportunity for enrollees to reevaluate their healthcare coverage and to make any necessary changes or adjustments to their coverage. Each year that enrollment period starts on Nov. 15 and ends Dec. 31.

It is crucial that Medicare enrollees use this time to evaluate their coverage to ensure they are getting what they need at a price they can afford. Many people avoid this crucial step, fearing they will be unable to understand the legal and insurance industry jargon. Medicare plan selection services are available for these people. A Medicare plan selection service helps people find the best and most affordable Medicare plan based on their specific needs and circumstances. This service will help you evaluate your healthcare needs using expert knowledge of recent program changes and criteria that include the following 9 questions.

Do I need Medicare if I have private healthcare insurance?

You will use the same factors of cost and coverage when comparing private health insurance with Medicare. It is important that you speak with your private plan administrator before making any changes.
Should I use Traditional Medicare or a Medicare Advantage Plan?

A Medicare Advantage plan (Part C) is ideal if you require frequent doctor visits and take prescription drugs. If your current medical condition only requires that you make routine medical visits and take few or no prescriptions, traditional Medicare (Parts A and B) with a prescription drug plan (Part D) may be a better choice.

Does my current plan cover prescription drugs?

Traditional Medicare (Parts A and B) generally does not cover medications unless they're administered in a doctor's office or a hospital. If you require regular prescription medications, you will need to purchase a Part D plan for that coverage. If, however, you are enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan, you may already receive prescription drug coverage.

How do I know if my prescription drugs are covered?

Every plan that offers prescription drug coverage has a list of covered medications called a formulary. This list can change each year, which makes it crucial that you or a professional Medicare plan selection service evaluate your coverage during the annual enrollment period. Failure to do so may cost you thousands of dollars in uncovered prescription medications.

What about gaps in coverage between different prescription medication plans?

For many individuals-whether in a Medicare Advantage plan with prescription drug coverage or a stand-alone prescription drug plan-there is a gap in coverage once they reach a certain out-of-pocket threshold. This is referred to as the donut hole.

A Medicare Advantage plan that offers prescription drug coverage provides a combination of services found in Parts A, B and D-your hospital, medical and prescription drug coverage. As far as traditional Medicare is concerned, the Part D coverage is separate-it can even have a separate deductible. So the rules Part D follows (including the donut hole) may be slightly different from the medical portion (Part B) of coverage.

For example, after your plan has paid a certain amount for your prescriptions, you will have to pay the full cost, up to $3,453.75 in 2009, before the plan will pay for your prescription costs again. That cost is prohibitive for many people on Medicare and makes the annual evaluation of your coverage much more important.

Can I keep seeing the same doctors?

Most doctors, hospitals, physical therapists and other healthcare providers accept traditional Medicare, which will allow you to continue seeing the same doctors if you choose to stick with traditional Medicare and a Part D plan. But, as with any other insurance, Medicare Advantage plans have a network of providers. If a doctor is outside that network, you may have to pay more. Before you join a Medicare plan, particularly a Medicare Advantage plan, you should determine if the doctors you see are part of that plan's network.

Will the plan cover dental and vision services?

Traditional Medicare does not cover dental, vision or health and wellness programs, but some Medicare Advantage plans do. To receive this type of coverage, you must evaluate the available Medicare Advantage plans for your needed dental and vision services. Again, the use of a Medicare plan selection service will provide further assurance that you will get the coverage you need.

How much is it going to cost me?

Traditional Medicare premiums are relatively inexpensive, but your deductibles and copayments or coinsurance costs may be higher than what you would pay with a Medicare Advantage plan. Medicare Advantage plans may offer zero-dollar premiums and low copays. Some plans may even put a cap on total out-of-pocket costs. Your Medicare plan selection service can give you specific dollar amount and coverage information.

Will I be covered when traveling?

Traditional Medicare provides coverage throughout most of the country. Some Medicare Advantage plans are restricted to certain areas, but many offer out-of-network coverage in the event of an emergency while traveling. If you travel frequently or reside in different areas depending upon the time of year, it is important to find a Medicare Advantage plan that will provide coverage in both areas.

How do I know if I need a supplemental plan?

Traditional Medicare (Parts A and B) may not provide all of the coverage you require. Before paying for a supplemental plan, it is important to determine if you qualify for the Qualified Medicare Beneficiary program, have adequate coverage through an employer, or if you are already enrolled in a Medicare Advantage plan.

With medical costs skyrocketing and your own healthcare needs changing, it is imperative that you take advantage of the upcoming annual enrollment period offered by Medicare to determine whether you are receiving the coverage best suited to your needs and budget. This process is made easier with the professional expertise of independent Medicare plan selection services. Their knowledge and experience will ensure that you get exactly what you need at a price you can afford.

Jim Allsup writes for Allsup, a provider of Social Security disability and Medicare services, including Allsup Medicare Advisor, a Medicare plan selection service for people with disabilities and seniors.

Will Health Care Reform Kill Medicare Advantage?

It has been six months since the highly contested Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, also called health care reform, became law. Polls show that people remain worried about how the law will affect their health care. There is a lot of talk about big cuts in Medicare, and seniors are worried their coverage will be reduced or that their doctors will no longer accept Medicare. Should they be worried?

The worst news is for people who love their Medicare Advantage plans. This program pays private insurance companies to enroll seniors in managed-care networks. Many plans offer more benefits than "plain" Medicare, such as dental and vision coverage and health club memberships.

The problem with Medicare Advantage is that taxpayer's aren't getting their money's worth from the program. Much of the recent increases in Medicare costs can be traced to overpayments to insurance companies offering the subsidized plans.You've heard that Medicare is going broke? Well, Medicare Advantage is a big reason for that.

A Medicare Advantage benefit costs the government 14 percent more than exactly the same benefit offered through regular Medicare. In some parts of the country, the difference is as high as 20 percent. That extra money is being eaten up in marketing and administrative costs, and in profits to the insurance companies.

According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, all Medicare beneficiaries, including those enrolled in regular Medicare, are paying for these overpayments through higher premiums. HHS says that this year these subsidies are adding about $3.60 per month to premiums.

But there is no proof that the program is providing better health care than regular Medicare; just that it's more expensive. And for this reason, most of the cuts to Medicare provided in the health care reform law are cuts to Medicare Advantage, not regular Medicare.

These cuts won't go into effect all at once. In 2011, the subsidy going to private insurance companies will be frozen at 2010 levels. After that, the payments will be reduced an average of 12% per year, until costs are more in line with the cost of regular Medicare. Beginning in 2014, the private insurers offering Medicare Advantage plans must maintain a "medical loss ratio" of at least 85%, which is a fancy way of saying that 85 percent of the subsidies and premiums they receive must be paid out in benefits. On the other hand, companies that meet certain benchmarks for quality of service are eligible for a bonus.

Bottom line: according to the Congressional Budget Office, by 2019 the private insurance companies offering these plans will receive $136 billion less than they would have received at the current level of subsidy.

Naturally, the private insurance companies do not like this one bit, and they say they will drop out of the program if these cuts aren't repealed. And when those Medicare Advantage taxpayer subsidies stop being a cash cow for those companies, they might very well drop out of the program. Companies that stay in the program probably will eliminate some of the extra benefits that make Medicare Advantage popular.

Some seniors will be unhappy about this, but it's important for them to understand why it is happening -- Medicare Advantage as it is has been dragging the entire Medicare program closer and closer to bankruptcy.

Before the Medicare program began in 1965, only 56 percent of people over age 65 had any health insurance. Today, without Medicare, the percentage of seniors with health insurance would be very tiny, indeed. It's a sad fact that in our autumn years, nearly all of us will suffer increasing problems with our health. Some ailments -- arthritis, heart disease -- are common, and some are rare, such as mesothelioma cancer, rarely diagnosed before the patient is 50. Either way, senior health care is expensive, and private insurance companies don't want seniors as customers -- unless taxpayers are supplying the profits.

In 2009, while health care reform was being hotly debated in Congress and town hall meetings all over America, some insurance companies deliberately misinformed their customers about what the bill would do to their Medicare Advantage Plans. One major Medicare Advantage provider sent out a letter to its Medicare Advantage customers claiming that Congress and President Obama would cut "important benefits and services" provided by Medicare.

Remember the stories about silver-haired grandmothers marching in protests with signs saying "Keep Government Out of My Medicare"? People laughed at them, but it's possible those were misinformed Medicare Advantage customers.

But the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is not cutting any benefit from Medicare. In fact, it is adding a few new benefits. Beginning this week, Medicare patients will not have to pay a co-payment to the doctor for preventive care or for an annual checkup. The health care reform law also will gradually close the infamous "doughnut hole," the gap in Medicare Part D prescription drug coverage that costs some Medicare patients thousands of dollars every year.

Last year, the trustees of the Medicare program announced that by 2017, the part of Medicare that pays hospital bills would be out of money, and Medicare would have to stop paying those bills. This year, the same trustees said the hospital fund should be good until 2029, thanks mostly to the health care reform bill. This tells us the struggle to save the program isn't over, but we're moving in the right direction.

As we get closer to the November midterm elections, watch out for politicians citing the cuts to Medicare Advantage as a reason to repeal the health care reform bill. Without those cuts, Medicare itself is in grave danger.

Barbara O'Brien is a concerned citizen who writes the popular political blog, The Mahablog.